Mahatma Gandhi: The Father of Indian Independence Movement

Mahatma Gandhi, whose real name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was born on October 2, 1869. He became the most important leader of India's independence movement. Gandhi, who is known as the "Father of the Nation," changed the way people fought for freedom with his philosophy of nonviolent resistance, or Satyagraha.

Gandhi's journey as a freedom fighter started in South Africa, where he saw racial discrimination for himself. This experience made him more determined to fight injustice in a peaceful way. When he got back to India in 1915, he used these ideas in the fight for Indian independence.

Champaran Satyagraha in 1917 -

Gandhi's first big success in India was the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917. He fought against the unfair system of growing indigo, which protected farmers' rights. This victory made him a leader who could effectively challenge British authority without using violence.

Satyagraha (truth-force), Ahimsa (non-violence), and Swaraj (self-rule) -

Satyagraha (truth-force), Ahimsa (non-violence), and Swaraj (self-rule) were the three main ideas that guided Gandhi's life. He thought that freedom should be won without hate or violence, and that moral force could change both the oppressor and the oppressed.

Non-Cooperation Movement -

Gandhi's first campaign across the country was the Non-Cooperation Movement, which lasted from 1920 to 1922. He told Indians to stay away from British courts, businesses, and goods. The movement got millions of people involved, showing how strong peaceful resistance can be when people work together.

Salt March or Dandi March -

Gandhi's most famous act of civil disobedience was the Salt March or Dandi March of 1930. Gandhi walked 240 miles to the Arabian Sea and made salt from seawater to fight the British salt monopoly. This one act caused protests across the country and drew attention from other countries.

Quit India Movement in 1942 -

The Quit India Movement in 1942 was Gandhi's last big campaign. His call for the British to "leave India to God or anarchy" led to a lot of arrests, but it also showed how strongly India wanted to be free.

Gandhi worked for more than just political change; he also worked for social change, such as ending untouchability, giving women more rights, and bringing people together. His spinning wheel (charkha) came to stand for being self-sufficient and financially independent.

Gandhi was killed on January 30, 1948, just a few months after India became independent. This shocked the world. But his legacy of nonviolent resistance still inspires movements for justice all over the world. His teachings are still important in India today as the country tries to grow and bring people together.

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