Evolution of Indian National Flag: From Struggle to Sovereignty

The remarkable evolution of the Tiranga, the Indian national flag, reflects the country's transition from colonial subjugation to independence. Every alteration made to the flag's design represented the evolving goals and solidarity of the liberation struggle.

Swadeshi and Boycott Movement -

During the Swadeshi and Boycott movement in 1906, the first Indian flag was raised in Calcutta's Parsee Bagan Square. This flag, which marked the beginning of a national symbol, had horizontal red, yellow, and green stripes with symbols that represented various communities.

A modified version, known as the Berlin Committee Flag, was raised in Paris in 1907 by Madam Bhikaji Cama. Indians around the world were inspired by this international flyover of the Indian flag, which raised awareness of the country's independence movement.

Home Rule Movement -

The 1917 flag represented the call for independent governance within the British Empire and was raised by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak during the Home Rule Movement. For Indians, this flag signified a major political awakening.

Flag Design -

The most important event occurred in 1921 when Mahatma Gandhi was shown a flag design by Pingali Venkayya during a session of the Bezwada Congress. This flag's three stripes and central spinning wheel (charkha) symbolized India's progress through independence and its diverse communities coexisting peacefully.
Significance of Color -

A modified version of Venkayya's design was formally adopted by the Congress in 1931. The colors were altered to saffron, white, and green, which stand for bravery and selflessness, truth and peace, and growth and fertility, respectively. The primary symbol was still the charkha.

The Ashoka Chakra,

The Constituent Assembly's adoption of the current flag design on July 22, 1947, marked the last change. The Ashoka Chakra, the 24-spoked wheel from Emperor Ashoka's Lion Capital at Sarnath, which represents dharma and the eternal wheel of law, took the place of the spinning wheel.

- Each color band has the same width, and the flag's proportions are exactly 2:3. The white band perfectly centers the navy blue Ashoka Chakra, forming a harmonious and well-balanced design that symbolizes India's unity in diversity.

Inspiring millions of Indians to strive for both national advancement and international peace, the Tiranga now proudly flies as a symbol of India's independence, democracy, and secular values.

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